Turing 2

In a 1950 paper, Alan Turing describes his concept of the Turing Test, in which a human judge Interviews both a Computer and one or more human foils using terminals (so that the judge won't be prejudiced against the Computer for lacking a warm and fuzzy appearance). If the human judge is unable to reliably unmask the Computer (as an impostor human) then the Computer wins.

von Ray Kurzweil im Buch The Age of Spiritual Machines (1999) im Text Of Mind and Machine auf Seite 61